| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| I | Nonarticular, nondisplaced |
| II | Nonarticular, displaced . A. Reducible, stable . B. Reducible, unstable . C. Irreducible |
| III | Articular, nondisplaced |
| IV | Articular, displaced . A. Reducible, stable . B. Reducible, unstable . C. Irreducible . D. Complex (shear, joint depression, fracture/ dislocation) |
1990 Symposium conference
Reviewed by Professor Phong Tran, Head of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Health. Last updated 10 October 2026.